Quantitative ethnobotanical appraisal of Shawal Valley, South Waziristan, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan

Background: This study's primary goal was to collect and document uses of plants by local residents Shawal Valley, South Waziristan, Pakistan. Methodology: A semi-structured questionnaire used interview 65 (24 women 41 males). The Relative Frequency Citation (RFC), Use Value (UV), Fidelity Level (FL), Informant Consensus Factor (ICF), Jaccard Index (JI). Results: research region is abode 60 plant species belonged 32 families ethnobotanical significance. Lamiaceae family contributed maximum number (7), followed Pinaceae (6 species). most preferred parts among the reported were leaves (60%), stem (28.3%). Thymus mongolicus was found have highest RFC (0.86), while Adiantum capillus-veneris had lowest (i.e. 0.02). The UV between 0.02 1. Thymus greatest (UV=1); whereas, Adiantum (0.02). Twelve had a fidelity level 100% while Quercus dilatata had (33.3%). Plants' ICF values varied from 0.87 0.96. Average Direct Matrix Ranking revealed that Quercus dilatata received rating (1st) for its many uses, by Pinuswallichiana (2nd), and Rumex dentatus (3rd), Pinus gerardiana (4th), and Zingiberofficinale (5th). Conclusion:Ethnomedicinal indicates that indigenous people in studied area are knowledgeable on use plants. These knowledge must be preserved.